For example, if a processor states that the maximum input level before distortion is +24 dBu, and the output noise floor is -92 dBu, then the processor has a total dynamic range of 116 dB (24 + 92 = 116 dB). PreSonus has put together this brief tutorial to answer both commonly asked questions and explain dynamics terminology The Problem with Dynamic Rangeĭynamic range can be defined as the ratio between the loudest possible audio level and the lowest possible level. A noise gate helps to reduce unwanted sounds by only allowing the signal to be heard once it has exceeded a certain amplitude. There are two basic types of expansion: dynamic and downward. Expanders increase the dynamic range of a signal after the signal crosses a threshold. Unlike a compressor, which works gradually to reduce the signal, the limiter prevents virtually any increase in gain at the upper end of the dynamic range. Similar to a compressor, a limiter is an amplifier that limits the upper dynamic range of a signal to a specific threshold. You can set the maximum level a compressor allows to pass through, thereby causing automatic gain reduction above some predetermined signal level, also known as the "threshold." Punch, apparent loudness, and presence are just three of the many terms used to describe the effects of compression. A compressor is a type of amplifier in which gain is dependent on the signal level passing through it. Common types of dynamics processors include:
Dynamics processing is the process of altering the dynamic range of an audio source to make it easier to place in the overall mix. This can create issues in both live and recording environments when gain staging a signal because when enough gain is applied to capture the softest level adequately, a peak signal can cause overload in the audio chain, resulting in signal distortion.
Audio signals have very wide peak-to-average signal-level ratios, sometimes referred to as dynamic range, which is the difference between the loudest level and the softest level.